concept

TNFα (Tumor necrosis factor alpha)

Tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) is a potent paracrine and endocrine mediator of inflammatory and immune functions. It is also known to regulate growth and differentiation of a wide variety of cells types. TNFα is selectively cytotoxic for many transformed cells, especially in combination with IFNα. In vivo, it leads to necrosis of methylcholanthrene-induced murine sarcomas. Many of the actions of TNFα occur in combination with other cytokines as part of the cytokine network 1–3. TNFα is expressed as a type II membrane protein attached by a signal anchor transmembrane domain in the propeptide, and is processed by a matrix metallo-proteinase, termed TNFα-converting enzyme (TACE)4. Crossreactivity There is 79% homology between human and mouse TNFα and significant cross-species reactivity. Human TNF binds to mouse p55 receptor but not to mouse p75 receptor. Mouse TNF binds to both human receptors. Sources TNFα is secreted by activated monocytes and macrophages, and many other cells, including B cells, T cells and fibroblasts.

Ref:
Katherine A. Fitzgerald, ... Robin E. Callard, in The Cytokine FactsBook and Webfacts (Second Edition), 2001

20 confidence points
0 comments
Added on Jun 25, 2022 by Barbara Van De Keer
Edited on Oct 29, 2022 by Barbara Van De Keer

Join Ninatoka!!

NinatoKa's goal is to support you as a therapist in unravelling the illness pathway from symptoms to cause, and to help you detect potential interventions.

Go to Explore to start your discovery!

Go to Learn to scroll through newly added data.

Go to Contribute to contribute to the Ninatoka database.

You can rate content up or down and add comments if you agree or disagree.